The continuing expansion and deepening integration of the European union is re-defining the map of threats and opportunities for both companies and regions in Europe. In this paper I analyse the changing geography of the production system in three industries automobile, clothing and steel as a product of the strategies and tactics of companies, states (at EU, national and regional levels) and trades unions, as they seek to shape geographies of production to favour their interests within this changing European political-economic space. It is argued that the end product of this process will be the creation of new and sharper forms of regional uneven development and qualitative differentiation between regions, as well as a renewed widening rather than further narrowing of regional differences in economic performance and well-being.