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TIPS/DPRU/Cornell University Forum 2004: African Development and Poverty Reduction – The Macro-Micro Linkage (54)

The Conjuncture of Poverty Microsimulation Linked to a Macroeconomic Forecasting Model: A Case Study in Senegal

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Thierry Latreille
Poverty reduction policies have become the main guidelines of economic policies in many Sub-Saharan African countries. Therefore the authorities need new social indicators in order to follow the application and the effectiveness of their policies. In recent years renewed efforts have been made to develop new policy tools aimed at…
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The Global Market Place: How far can Nigeria go with the Present Non-Oil Product Mix?

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Rosemary N. Okoh
  • Countries and Regions Southern African Development Community (SADC)
This paper is an empirical analysis of the demand for Nigeria's non-oil export merchandise with a view to providing an answer to the question of how far the present product mix would go in the global market. The study employed the Johansen's test of co-integration and analysis of structural characteristics…
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South African Trade Reform since Democracy

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Rashad Cassim; Dirk van Seventer
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
As part of a wider investigation by the National Institute for Economic Policy, covering a range of economic policy issues, the main aim of this paper is to provide another view of how trade policy has evolved since democracy. We use standard quantities measures of trade policy analysis as an…
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Youth Labour Markets in Africa

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Cecil Mlatshni; Murray Leibbrandt
  • Countries and Regions Southern African Development Community (SADC)
This paper makes use of a review of the literature on African labour markets, the international literature on youth and the labour market and a fifteen country African data set to analyze the current situation of youth in sub-Saharan labour markets.
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The Demand for Education for Orphans in Zimbabwe

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Craig Gundersen; Thomas Kelly; Kyle Jemison
  • Countries and Regions Zimbabwe
We examine the effect of orphan status on school enrolment in Zimbabwe, a country strongly impacted by the HIV/AIDS pandemic with a rapidly growing population of orphans. Using data from 2003, after controlling for other determinants of enrolment we find that orphans are less likely to attend school than non-orphans.…
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The Mystery of South Africa's Ghost Workers in 1996: Measurement and Mismeasurement in the Manufacturing Census...

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Martin Wittenberg
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
Absences can be as telling as presences, as Sherlock Holmes reminds us. Some times, however, it is difficult to know whether one is really dealing with an absence or not. In the case of South African labour economics some absences have attracted attention: the surprisingly small size of the informal…
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Geography as Destiny: Considering the Spatial Dimensions of Poverty and Deprivation in South Africa

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Ronelle Burger; Servaas van der Berg; Sarel van der Walt; Derek Yu
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
The persistence of geographical inequalities is an intriguing puzzle. Many explanations have been offered for why specific geographies flourish while other regions deteriorate.Some have highlighted the impact of natural constraints, like the limited availability of arable land,distance from the sea and the prevalence of disease. Others have stressed the importance…
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The Dynamics of Job Search and the Microfoundations of Unemployment: Evidence from Duncan village

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) David Fryer
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
There is significant consensus that unemployment and more generally, exclusion from the labour market,is the central socio-economic problem in South Africa. Joblessness is strongly implicated in such socio-economic problems as crime, poverty, alcoholism, HIV-AIDS, and even poor educational outcomes and low skill levels (see for example Bhorat etal.2001; Fryer and…
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Genocide and Land Scarcity: Can Rwandan Rural Households Manage?

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Marijke Verpoorten; Lode Berlage
During the nineties Rwandan households faced severe shocks of war and genocide. In addition, the structural problem of land scarcity remains unsolved. How did Rwandan households manage? This is an important question from a development perspective, but also from a security perspective, because uneven development raises the risk of renewed…
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Implications of Genetically Modified Food

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Kym Anderson; Lee Ann Jackson
The first generation of genetically modified (GM) crop varieties sought to increase farmer profitability through cost reductions or higher yields. The next generation of GM food research is focusing also on breeding for attributes of interest to consumers, beginning with 'golden rice', which has been genetically engineered to contain a…
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Have Minimum Wages Benefited South Africa's Domestic Service Workers?

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Tom Hertz
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
In September of 2002 South Africa's roughly one million domestic workers - about 840,000 predominantly African and Coloured women who work as housekeepers, cooks and nannies, and another 180,000 men who work primarily as gardeners - were granted formal labor market protection, including the right to a written contract with…
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Well-Being Poverty versus Income Poverty and Capabilities Poverty in South Africa?

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Geeta Kingdon; John Knight
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
The conventional approach of economists to the measurement of poverty in poor countries is to use measures of income or consumption. This has been challenged by those who favour broader criteria for poverty and its avoidance. These include the fulfilment of 'basic needs', the 'capabilities' to be and to do…
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Trade Liberalisation and Factor Returns in South Africa, 1988-2002.

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Lawrence Edwards; Duncan Pieterse
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
This paper estimates the impact of trade liberalisation on factor returns in South Africa between 1988 and 2002. A particular contribution of the paper is that tariff data are explicitly used in the analysis. In addition, the paper models trade-induced technological change. The paper finds that tariff liberalisation from 1988…
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Foreign Aid and Population Growth: Evidence from Africa

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Leonid Azarnert
  • Countries and Regions Southern African Development Community (SADC)
This paper investigates the relationship between foreign aid and population growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using a panel of African countries over the last four decades, it demonstrates the positive effect of foreign aid on fertility and population growth in this region.
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Community, Comparisons and Subjective Well-Being in a Divided Society

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Geeta Kingdon; John Knight
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
The paper poses six questions about the determinants of subjective well-being in South Africa. Much of the paper is concerned with the role of relative concepts. We find that comparator income - measured as average income of others in the local residential cluster - enters the household - utility function…
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The Economy-Wide Impacts of the Labour Intensification of Infrastructure Expenditure

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Anna McCord; Dirk van Seventer
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
This paper examines the performance of public works in addressing both micro and macroeconomic policy objectives relating to growth, employment and poverty reduction in South Africa. Survey data on the micro-economic impact of public worksprogramme participation is used alongside a social accounting matrix (SAM) for the South African economy which…
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Modelling Pro-Poor Agricultural Growth Strategies in Malawi: Lessons for Policy and Analysis

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Andrew Dorward, Jamie Morrison, Peter Wobst, Hans Lofgren and Hardwick Tchale
  • Countries and Regions Malawi
This paper pulls together insights from related farm-household and CGE modelling for Malawi to suggest wider methodological and policy lessons for pro-poor policy analysis in poor agrarian economies. The farm-household and CGE models and the principal results are summarised, and their strengths and weaknesses discussed. The discussion demonstrates the potential…
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Budget Reform as a Means to Strengthen the Link between Macro and Micro Policies

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Taz Chaponda, Neil Cole and Mickie Schoch
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Infant Mortality in Uganda: Determinants, Trends and the Millennium Development Goals.

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Sarah Ssewanyana and Stephen D. Younger
Unusually for an African economy, Uganda's growth has been rapid and sustained for an extended period of time. Further, this growth has clearly translated into substantial declines in poverty for all socio-economic groups and in all regions of the country. Despite this, there is concern in the country that other…
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Growth and Redistribution Effects of Poverty Changes in Cameroon.

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Francis Baye
This paper (1) develops an exact decomposition framework based on the Shapley Value in cooperative game theory, and (2) investigates the growth and redistribution effects of changes in poverty using Cameroon's household surveys. By all the P class of measures, poverty increased significantly between 1984 and 1996. The growth components…
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Inequality in South Africa: Nature, Causes and Responses

  • Year 2004
  • Organisation The Edge Institute
  • Author(s) Stephen Gelb
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
This paper examines the nature of the divide which Mbeki pointed to between the two nations and the reasons for the limited response to this divide during the post-apartheid era since 1994 at which he hints. This paper argues that this response can be understood only through an historical analysis…
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Are Wealthier Nations Healthier Nations? A Panel Data Approach to the Determination of Human Development in Africa

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Issidor Noumba
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
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Macroeconomic Growth, Sectorial Quality of Growth and Poverty in Developing Countries: Measure and Application to Burkina Faso

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Dorothee Boccanfuso and Tambi Samuel Kabore
Economic growth generally refers to GDP growth. The studies on the link between growth and poverty dynamic (Datt and Ravallion, 1992; Kakwani, 1997; Shorrocks, 1999) measure growth by mean household per capita expenditures. Furthermore, many countries experience at the same time economic growth and growing poverty. It is therefore important…
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How Responsive is Capital Formation to its User Cost?

  • Year 2004
  • Author(s) Albert de Wet and Steven F. Koch
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
The responsiveness of business investment spending to price changes is central in economic analysis. Despite the key role played by the user cost of capital in economic analysis, there is less supporting evidence for the existence of a substantial user cost elasticity. This study investigates the empirical user cost of…
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