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Research Archive (910)

SADC Rules of Origin: Undermining Regional Free Trade

  • Year 2002
  • Author(s) Frank Flatters
  • Countries and Regions Southern African Development Community (SADC)
SADC Member States have chosen regional integration as part of their strategy for global participation. While not a first best strategy, regionalism can complement more general trade and investment liberalization. Unfortunately the SADC Trade Protocol is seriously flawed. Back-loaded and confusingly differentiated tariff reduction schedules are well-known problems. Less clearly…
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Intra versus Inter-industry Specialisation, Labour Market Labour Market Adjustment and Poverty: Implications for Regional Integration

  • Year 2002
  • Author(s) Niki Cattaneo
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
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Formulas for Success? Some Options for Market Access Negotiations

  • Year 2002
  • Author(s) Joseph Francois; Will Martin
Most of the large tariff reductions achieved in multilateral trade negotiations have involved the use of tariff-cutting formulas, such as the "Swiss" formula. But the wide variations in initial tariff rates may create a demand for new approaches in the Doha Development Agenda. This paper surveys some options and examines…
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Tuesday, 01 January 2002

Competition and Regulation in the Electricity Supply Industry in South Africa

  • Year 2002
  • Author(s) Anton Eberhard
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
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Published in Centre for Real Economy Study (Crest)
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Tuesday, 01 January 2002

A Standard Computable General Equilibrium Model For South Africa

  • Year 2002
  • Author(s) James Thurlow; Dirk van Seventer
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
The paper reports on the construction and testing of a Standard International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) computable general equilibrium model for South Africa. A 1998 social accounting matrix (SAM) for South Africa is compiled using national accounts information and recently released supply-use tables. By updating to a recent year,…
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Published in Trade & Growth Dynamics
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Saturday, 01 December 2001

The SADC Textile and Garment Industries: Constraints & Opportunities. Myopia or Global Vision?

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation SADC
  • Author(s) Peter Coughlin; Musa Rubin
  • Countries and Regions Southern African Development Community (SADC)
This report is the culmination of a study of the textile and garment industries in the member states of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC). Based on fieldwork mostly done between October 2000 and April 2001, the project produced country reports for each of the 11 countries that are signatories…
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Published in Trade & Growth Dynamics
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Saturday, 01 December 2001

Reform and Opportunity: The Changing Role and Patterns of Trade in South Africa and SADC

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation The World Bank
  • Author(s) Jeffrey Lewis
  • Countries and Regions South Africa, Southern African Development Community (SADC)
In this paper, we examine the changing role of trade in South Africa and SADC from different vantage points. We first review progress in liberalizing South Africa's trade regime, and conclude that, while signs of progress are clear, the levels and complexity of protection continue to pose barriers to the…
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Published in SADC Trade Development
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Friday, 15 June 2001

Towards a Workable Rural Development Strategy

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation TIPS
  • Author(s) Peter Delius; Stefan Schirmer
The paper puts forward a workable rural development strategy. It shows on which principles, which historical realities and which statistical facts such a strategy should be based. It looks at what the government is doing to promote rural development and suggests ways in which current policies could be improved, expanded…
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Published in Trade & Growth Dynamics
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Friday, 15 June 2001

Prospects for Financial Sector Reform in the Context of Regional Integration in SADC

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation TIPS
  • Author(s) Rosalind Mowatt
  • Countries and Regions Southern African Development Community (SADC)
The reform of the financial sector has been an important component of the structural adjustment programmes pursued by developing countries, whereby reform entails reducing government involvement, freeing up financial markets, and strengtheningfinancial institutions. In Southern Africa, however, the financial systems of most countries remain relatively underdeveloped, in spite of these…
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Published in Trade & Growth Dynamics
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Friday, 15 June 2001

Structure and Conduct in the Commercial Banking Sector of South Africa

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation TIPS; WITS
  • Author(s) Charles Okeahalam
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
The banking sector in South Africa is highly concentrated. When there is high concentration, it is necessary to examine the effects on efficiency and prices. In this paper, we discuss the fact that there are various types of efficiency in banking, and that high levels of concentration tend to reduce…
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Published in Trade & Growth Dynamics
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Friday, 15 June 2001

Notes on Welfare Losses of Tariffs and Tariff Protection: A Partial Equilibrium Application to South African Data

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation TIPS and University of Cape Town
  • Author(s) Dirk van Seventer; Lawrence Edwards
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
Almost immediately after the first democratic election, South African policy makers embraced the policy of trade liberalisation (see Holden 2000). To many observers, the offer made by South Africa to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been very generous. Various attempts to evaluate the impact of trade liberalisation on the…
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Published in SADC Trade Development
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Friday, 15 June 2001

The Role of the Small and Medium Enterprise Sector in Latin America: Implications for South Africa

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation TIPS
  • Author(s) Al Berry
  • Countries and Regions Latin America
The current economic setting in most Latin American countries suggests that if the small and medium enterprise sector does not perform well during the next couple of decades, overall economic performance will also be unsatisfactory, especially in the areas of employment creation and income distribution. No other major sector has…
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Published in Trade & Growth Dynamics
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Friday, 15 June 2001

Towards A Better Understanding of the ICT Sector in South Africa: Problems and Opportunities for Strengthening the Existing Know

  • Year 2001
  • Author(s) TIna James; Philip Esselaar
  • Countries and Regions South Africa
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Published in Trade & Growth Dynamics

Regulatory Reform: Lessons from the UK

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation University of Oxford, department of Economics
  • Author(s) Simon Cowan
In the 1980s the UK (and Chile) began the processes of privatizing and restructuring stateowned enterprises, liberalizing the markets in which they operated and regulating their conduct. Since then many countries at all levels of development have implemented their own programmes of regulatory reform. Almost two decades after the process…
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Explaining the Growth Absence: Reviewing the Evidence that can Account for the Poor Growth Performance of the South African Economy

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation ERSA, University of the Witwatersrand
  • Author(s) Johannes Fedderke
Explaining the Growth Absence: reviewing the evidence that can account for the poor growth performance of the South African economy South Africa's democratic transition now lies close to a decade in the past. The transition carried with it much by way of hopes in terms of a greater access by…
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The Design and Performance of Regulatory Agencies: What can South Africa Learn from the Brazilian Experience?

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation OECD Development Centre – Paris and BNDES – Rio de...
  • Author(s) Andrea Goldstein;Jose Claudio Linhares Pires
In recent years, dozens of OECD and non-OECD countries have followed the United States in establishing strong autonomous regulatory institutions empowered with regulatory instruments and financial independence. Flexibility and agility are required to implement ad hoc policies through regulations, resolutions, and decrees. Their special status also responds to the need…
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The Determinants of Regulatory Effectiveness in Liberalised Markets Developing Country Experiences

  • Year 2001
  • Author(s) Gertrude Makaya
The past two decades have witnessed far-reaching reforms in the provision of telecommunications services. Before the 1980's, telecoms services were mainly provided by state-owned enterprises and in rare cases by private monopolies with territorial or functional licenses. The 80's saw the role of the state being increasingly changed from that…
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An Examination of the Impact of Economic Policy on Long-run Economic Growth An Application of a VECM Structure to a Middle- Income Context

  • Year 2001
  • Author(s) Martine Mariotti
The determinants of economic growth have long interested economists. A number of variables have been found to be significant, among them the private investment rate, human capital investment rates, the political stability of a country and others. An important sub-category of such determinants is policy variables. Specifically, two such variables…
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Unlocking Value in the 'New Economy': The Implications of B2B E-Commerce for South African Apparel and Automotive Component Firms

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation University of Natal, Durban
  • Author(s) Sagren Moodley;Mike Morris;Justin Barnes
The 'new economy' remains an ambiguous concept which means different things to different people (see, for example, Cohen et al. 2000; OECD, 2000a, b; Shapiro and Varian, 1999). We argue that the notion of a 'new economy' is closely tied to the economic transformations which are powered by the development…
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Capital/Skills-Intensity and Job Creation: An Analysis of Policy Options

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation Economic Policy Research Institute
  • Author(s) Michael Samson;Kenneth Mac Quene;Ingrid van Niekerk
The South African government's objectives of job creation and poverty reduction depend on the success of policies that promote the employment of unskilled labour. Over the past decade, unskilled jobs in the formal sector have been lost, while the demand for skilled capital and labour has risen. In sectors that…
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Determinants and Impact of ICT use for African SMEs: Implications for Rural South Africa

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation Center for Development Research (ZEF Bonn)
  • Author(s) Susanna Wolf
In most African countries small and medium enterprises (SME) account for a significant share of production and employment and are therefore directly connected to poverty alleviation. While in many respects the South African economy is different to that of other countries in the continent, for the poor population in the…
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Engaging the debate on privatization in South Africa: Theories, fables, facts, others

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation University of Cape Town, South Africa
  • Author(s) Melvin D. Ayogu
The Government of South Africa apparently is clear about its goals for the reform of public enterprises. In his 2001 Budget Speech (RSA, 2001a, p.1), the Minister of Public Enterprises explains ?restructuring? as the generic term taken to represent the set of strategies employed by the state to ensure that…
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Where Has All the Growth Gone? South African Manufacturing Industry 1970-2000

  • Year 2001
  • Author(s) Trevor Bell; Nkosi Madula
At the end of the 1960s, after a half century of rapid industrialisation, South Africa had a relatively advanced and diversified manufacturing sector. By the standards of today's advanced industrial countries, which feature in Gerschenkron's (1952) seminal analysis, South Africa was a very late industrialiser, but it was a very…
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Employment, Wages & Skills Development: Firm-Specific Effects Evidence from Two Firm Surveys in South Africa

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation University of Cape Town
  • Author(s) Haroon Bhorat;Paul Lundall
Studies on the South African labour market have almost exclusively focused on the factors determining and shaping the current and future supply of labour in the country. This has, in the main, been driven by the availability of national data sets that have been limited essentially to household surveys produced…
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Finance, Investment and Growth

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation University College London and Saïd Business School...
  • Author(s) Wendy Carlin;Colin Mayer
This paper examines the relation between the institutional structures of advanced OECD countries and the comparative growth and investment of 27 industries in those countries over the period 1970 to 1995. The underlying thesis that the paper examines is that there is a matching between the institutional structures of countries…
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Public policy towards the Internet and development

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation IDEI-GREMAQ, Université de Toulouse
  • Author(s) Jacques Cramer
Two years ago, the Internet was seen as changing the world. The most prestigious business schools were rushing to create concentrations in E-commerce, and the conjunction of the entrepreneur (preferably with a Stanford degree) with the venture capitalist was heralded as the key to the "new economy", in which, according…
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Financial Intermediation And The Micro-Finance Sector

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation Development Policy Research Unit, UCT
  • Author(s) Reza Daniels
This paper will evaluate the micro-finance sector in South Africa, its scope and development, and its role in the financial sector and the economy more generally. It is informed by the premise that households and institutions save and invest independently, and that the financial system's role is to intermediate between…
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Competition and Regulation in the Electricity Supply Industry in South Africa

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation University Cape Town
  • Author(s) Anton Eberhard
The South African Electricity Supply Industry (ESI) is dominated by a state-owned and vertically integrated utility, Eskom, which ranks seventh in the world in terms of size and electricity sales. It supplies about 96% of South Africa's electricity requirements which equals more than half of the electricity generated on the…
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The Structure and Competitiveness of South African Trade

  • Year 2001
  • Organisation University of Cape Town
  • Author(s) Lawrence Edwards;Volker Schoer
Since the early 1980s South Africa's trade policy regime has shifted from one of import substitution towards one of export orientation. This shift has been encouraged by trade liberalisation which accelerated in 1994 with tariff liberalisation, export orientation policies that ranged from direct support (GEIS) to marketing related support, and…
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Technology, Human Capital and Growth: Evidence from a Middle Income Country Case Study Applying Dynamic Heterogeneous Panel Analysis

This paper examines whether endogenous growth processes can be found in middle income country contexts. Estimation proceeds by means of dynamic heterogeneous panel analysis. Empirical evidence finds in favour of both knowledge spill-over effects, and of positive impacts on total factor productivty growth by Schumpeterian innovative activity. A crucial finding…
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